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2025 October 06

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • 2025 Gaza City offensive
      • Ten Palestinians, including three people who were seeking humanitarian aid, are killed in Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip ahead of peace talks in Egypt, bringing the total number of Palestinians killed in Israeli attacks since Friday up to 104. (Al Jazeera)
• Syrian civil war
  • SDF–Syrian Transitional Government clashes
    • Clashes erupt between Syrian government troops and Kurdish militias affiliated with the Syrian Democratic Forces in Sheikh Maqsood, Aleppo. (Alarabiya English)
• Myanmar civil war
  • More than 40 people are killed, including children, and about 80 others are injured in a strike on a festival and an anti-junta protest in Chaung-U, Sagaing Region, Myanmar. (ABC News)

Disasters and accidents

• 2025 tornado season
  • 2025 Enderlin tornado
    • The U.S. National Weather Service upgrades the rating of the tornado near Enderlin, North Dakota, on June 20 this year, to EF5, the most recent tornado to attain the highest rating on the Enhanced Fujita scale. (CNN)
• Three people are killed after an 80-year-old residential structure collapses in Veraval, Gir Somnath district, India. (The Indian Express)
• A migrant boat carrying at least ten Chinese nationals capsized on the Danube river in the area of Bačka Palanka, Vojvodina, Serbia, while en route to Croatia. One person was killed and nine others were rescued. (ABC News)

International relations

• Gaza war
  • Donald Trump’s September 2025 Gaza Strip proposal
    • Indirect talks between Hamas and Israel begin in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, to negotiate field conditions for the release of the remaining hostages in return for an undetermined number of Palestinian prisoners. (BBC News)
• Australia–Papua New Guinea relations
  • Australia and Papua New Guinea sign a defense treaty, formally granting Australia access to Papuan military facilities and requiring mutual defense in case of aggression. (BBC News) (AP)
• New Zealand–Samoa relations
  • New Zealand announces that it has paid a NZ$6 million compensation to Samoa over the sinking of the HMNZS Manawanui off the coast of Upolu in October 2024. (RNZ)

Law and crime

• 2025 deployment of federal forces in the United States
  • United States federal judge Karin Immergut temporarily blocks the Trump administration from deploying National Guard troops from California and Texas to Portland, Oregon, saying there is no evidence that the city requires any federal military intervention. (BBC News)
• Mexican drug war, Mexico–United States relations
  • The United States Treasury issues sanctions against various Mexican companies, including those in the pharmaceutical, real estate, chemical, and cleaning sectors, and eight people who manage them for allegedly supplying drug precursors to the Chapitos faction of the Sinaloa Cartel. (AP)
• At least 14 soldiers are killed and five others are injured in a shootout after a suspected “love triangle” dispute in South Sudan. (CBS News)
• A man opens fire inside an appeals courts in Tirana, Albania, killing the presiding judge and injuring two others in the courtroom. Police later arrest the suspect. (AP)
• A person opens fire inside the Iberville Parish Courthouse in Iberville Parish, Louisiana, United States, killing a deputy and injuring another, before being fatally shot. (KATC) (BNO News)
• The International Criminal Court convicts Janjaweed commander Ali Kushayb of war crimes in Darfur, Sudan, including rape, murder, and persecution. Kushayb is the first militia leader to be convicted for these war crimes. His sentence will be determined in a later hearing. (Reuters)
• A group of human rights organizations in Myanmar file a joint lawsuit against Norwegian telecoms firm Telenor for allegedly sharing customer data with the Tatmadaw after the 2021 coup d’état and in the civil war. (Al Jazeera) (The Straits Times)

Politics and elections

• A teachers’ strike in Alberta begins, making 51,000 teachers off-work and affects more than 700,000 students. Thousands rally across Alberta to support educators (CBC) (Global News) (The Globe and Mail)
• 2024–2025 French political crisis
  • First Lecornu government
    • French prime minister Sébastien Lecornu resigns after 27 days of being in office. With only 14 hours between the appointment of ministers and his resignation, Lecornu becomes the shortest-serving Prime Minister in French history. (BFMTV) (Libération)
• 2025 Malagasy protests
  • Youth-led protests against President Andry Rajoelina resume across Madagascar, with clashes with riot police taking place in multiple cities, including the capital Antananarivo. (Reuters)
  • President Andry Rajoelina appoints Ruphin Fortunat Zafisambo, a Madagascar Armed Forces general, as the new prime minister of Madagascar. (Reuters)

Science and technology

• 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
  • Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi are jointly awarded this year’s Nobel Prize in Medicine for their discoveries relating to peripheral immune tolerance. (CNN)

2025 October 05

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • 2025 Gaza City offensive
      • At least 24 Palestinians are killed in Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip. (Al Jazeera)
• Russo-Ukrainian war
  • Lviv strikes, Attacks on civilians in the Russo-Ukrainian war
    • At least five people are killed in Lviv, Ukraine, during an overnight Russian attack involving 53 ballistic and cruise missiles and 496 drones. (AP)

Disasters and accidents

• Over 550 people are trapped by a blizzard on the eastern slope of Mount Everest in Tibet. (Reuters)
• More than 60 people are killed in landslides in India and Nepal after days of heavy rain. (MSN)
• At least nine people are killed and five others are critically injured in a fire inside of an intensive care unit at a hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. (MSN)
• American mining company Freeport-McMoRan confirms that all seven workers missing after a mudflow at the Grasberg mine in Central Papua, Indonesia, have died as recovery teams find the remaining bodies and investigations continue. (Reuters)
• At least three Croatian mountaineers are killed in an avalanche on Tosc Mountain in northwestern Slovenia. (AP)

International relations

• Eswatini–United States relations, Deportation in the second Trump administration
  • Eswatini announces that it will receive eleven more third country nationals deported from the United States. (Reuters)

Law and crime

• 2025 deployment of federal forces in the United States
  • Operation Midway Blitz
    • U.S. president Donald Trump authorizes the deployment of 300 National Guard personnel to Chicago, Illinois. (BBC News)
• 2025 Ecuador protests
  • Ecuador enforces a state of emergency in ten provinces amid ongoing Indigenous-led protests against the government’s removal of a fuel subsidy that increased diesel prices. (AP)
• Five people are killed and six others are injured in a mass shooting at a local establishment in Commodore, Linstead, Saint Catherine Parish, Jamaica. (CVM Television)
• A court in Mexico formally indicts footballer Omar Bravo with the aggravated child sexual abuse of a teenage girl following his arrest in Zapopan, Jalisco, yesterday afternoon. (TV Azteca) (AP)

Politics and elections

• 2024–2025 French political crisis
  • Lecornu government
    • French prime minister Sébastien Lecornu announces his first batch of minister appointments, including former finance minister Bruno Le Maire as armed forces minister, while facing a potential no-confidence vote in parliament. (AP)
• 2025 Indonesian protests
  • Indonesia lifts its temporary suspension of TikTok’s operating license after the platform provided government-requested data on live streaming activity during the recent protests. (AFP via The Manila Times)
• 2025 Syrian parliamentary election
  • Syrians vote to elect 121 of the 210 members of the People’s Assembly in the first election held since the fall of the Assad regime in December 2024. Elections are postponed in the Al-Hasakah, Raqqa, and Suwayda governorates due to security reasons. (CNN)

Sports

• 2025 Formula One World Championship
  • 2025 Singapore Grand Prix
    • In auto racing, McLaren win their second consecutive Formula One World Constructors’ Championship after their drivers Lando Norris and Oscar Piastri place third and fourth, respectively, at the Singapore Grand Prix. (AFP via France 24)

2025 October 04

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • 2025 Gaza City offensive
      • At least 70 Palestinians are killed in Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip and in Gaza City. (Al Jazeera)
• Islamic State insurgency in Puntland
  • Puntland counter-terrorism operations
    • Puntland Security Forces kill over ten Islamic State militants and capture another in a major operation targeting wells used by ISIS as bases to carry out attacks in the Cal Miskaad Mountains in Bari region of Puntland. Three soldiers are killed and six others are injured in the operation. (Hiiraan Online)
• Somali Civil War
  • 2025 Mogadishu prison attack
    • At least seven people are killed and injured and several prisoners escape in an attack on a National Intelligence and Security Agency prison by militant group Al-Shabaab in Mogadishu, Somalia. The Somali government reports that no civilian or security officers were killed, and that all seven attackers were killed. (AP) (Hiiraan Online)
• Russo-Ukrainian war
  • 2025 Sumy offensive
    • One person is killed and at least 30 people are injured in Russian drone strikes on two passenger trains at a rail station in Shostka, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine. (The Independent)
  • Attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine
    • A Russian Buyan-class corvette is allegedly attacked near Lake Onega, in Karelia, Russia. The ship sustains damage to the right side of its power plant compartment. (The Kyiv Independent)

Arts and culture

• The Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities formally opens the tomb of Amenhotep III in the Valley of the Kings to the public after 20 years of renovations following its excavation in 1989. (DW) (ANewZ)
• The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, the largest Lutheran denomination in the United States, installs Reverend Yehiel Curry as its presiding bishop, making him the first Black bishop to lead the denomination. Curry succeeds Reverend Elizabeth Eaton, the first woman to lead the organization. (AP) (CBS News)
• Pope Leo XIV attends the oath-taking ceremony for the new batch of Pontifical Swiss Guards, becoming the first pope to do so since 1968. (The Catholic Herald)

Disasters and accidents

• 2025–26 European windstorm season
  • At least two people are killed and another is severely injured in northern France as Storm Amy makes landfall. (France 24)
  • A man is killed in Letterkenny, County Donegal, Ireland, and hundreds of thousands are without power as Storm Amy brings high winds to the United Kingdom and Ireland. (Sky News)
• 2025 India–Pakistan floods
  • At least ten people are killed and two others are reported missing when heavy rainfall triggered multiple landslides in Darjeeling, West Bengal, India. (India TV)

Law and crime

• Islamophobia in the United Kingdom
  • Peacehaven mosque arson
    • A mosque with two people inside is set on fire in a suspected hate crime in Peacehaven, East Sussex, England. (CNN)
• Capital punishment in Iran, Iran–Israel relations
  • Iran executes six prisoners accused and convicted of carrying out attacks inside Iran for the Arab Struggle Movement for the Liberation of Ahwaz on behalf of Israel. (AP)
• Lithuania temporarily suspends air traffic at Vilnius Airport after unidentified balloons are detected in its airspace. (Reuters)

Politics and elections

• 2024–2025 Georgian protests
  • 2025 Georgian uprising attempt
    • Protestors attempt to storm the Orbeliani Palace and clash with police in Tbilisi, Georgia, during the local elections. (Al Jazeera)
• 2025 Azad Kashmir protests
  • Violent protests that killed at least ten people in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan, end as a peace agreement is reached with a civil rights alliance. (MSN)
• 2025 Czech parliamentary election
  • The second and final day of the election to elect the members of the Czech Chamber of Deputies takes place. (TVN24)
  • Former prime minister Andrej Babiš’s populist ANO party wins the election with about 35% of the vote but falls short of a majority, prompting him to begin coalition talks with smaller right-wing parties. (BBC News)
• 2025 Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) presidential election
  • Sanae Takaichi defeats Shinjiro Koizumi in a runoff election to become the next president of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and prime minister-designate. She is the first female leader of the LDP and, should she be confirmed by the Diet, the first female prime minister of Japan. (Kyodo News)
• 2025 Malawian general election
  • Peter Mutharika is sworn in for his second non-consecutive term as President of Malawi following his victory in last month’s national election. (Reuters)

Sports

• 2025 Speedway of Nations
  • In motorcycle speedway, Australia wins the 2025 Speedway of Nations, defeating Poland in the grand final at the MotoArena Toruń, BiT City, Kuyavia–Pomerania, Poland. (FIM Speedway)

2025 October 03

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Donald Trump’s September 2025 Gaza Strip proposal
    • Hamas says it has agreed to part of the 20-point plan proposed by U.S. president Donald Trump to end the war, including the release of hostages and handing over administration of the enclave. (The Hill) (Reuters)
    • United Nations human rights experts warn that multiple portions of the plan contradict international law and the ICJ ruling on Israel’s occupation of Palestine. (OCHR)
  • Israeli bombing of the Gaza Strip, 2025 Gaza City offensive
    • At least 72 Palestinians are killed from Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip, including 42 killed in Gaza City. (Al Jazeera)
  • Israeli blockade of the Gaza Strip, Gaza genocide, Humanitarian aid during the Gaza war
    • The Israeli Navy intercepts and seizes the Polish-flagged Marinette, the last vessel of the Global Sumud Flotilla, an international humanitarian flotilla seeking to break the Gaza blockade. (Al Jazeera)
• Somali Civil War
  • 2025 Shabelle offensive
    • With Ugandan support, the Somali National Army and other pro-federal forces reportedly recapture two villages from al-Shabaab. Government sources claim that al-Shabaab’s forces suffered heavy casualties from the fighting. (Somali National News Agency)
• War on drugs, 2025 US Caribbean naval deployment
  • 2025 United States strikes on Venezuelan boats
    • The United States Navy conducts a strike targeting an alleged drug smuggling boat in the Venezuelan coast. According to U.S. defense secretary Pete Hegseth, at least four crewmembers were killed in the attack. (Reuters)
• Boko Haram insurgency
  • More than 5,000 people flee from Borno State, Nigeria, to Cameroon after Boko Haram fighters seize the border town of Kirawa and burn multiple buildings. (Reuters)
• Insurgency in Balochistan
  • Seven terrorists are killed and a huge cache of weapons and ammunition is recovered in an operation by security forces in Sherani District, Balochistan, Pakistan. (Xinhua News Agency)
• Russo-Ukrainian war
  • List of journalists killed during the Russo-Ukrainian War
    • French journalist Antoni Lallican is killed and photographer Hryhoriy Ivanchenko is injured by a Russian drone strike in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. (RFE/RL)

Arts and culture

• Bishop of London Sarah Mullally is announced as the new archbishop of Canterbury, becoming the first woman to lead the Church of England and the Anglican Communion. (BBC News)

Disasters and accidents

• Five people are killed after an overcrowded vehicle overturns on NR-165 in Nabari, Mie Prefecture, Japan. (Kyodo News)
• At least three people drown after catastrophic flash floods hit the southern Black Sea coast of Bulgaria. (Novinite.com)
• At least two people are killed and others are injured when an Iranian Red Crescent Society rescue helicopter carrying nine people crashes in Lorestan province, Iran. (Mehr News Agency)

International relations

• China–India relations, Sino–Indian border dispute
  • Indian airline IndiGo announces it will resume direct flights between Kolkata and Guangzhou, China, on October 26, launching the first direct flights between the two countries since border skirmishes in 2020. (DW)

Law and crime

• Capital punishment in Tunisia, Decree Law 54
  • A court in Nabeul, Tunisia, sentences a 56-year-old man to death over online statements criticizing President Kais Saied and state security agencies. (Reuters)
• Trial of Sean Combs
  • A court in Manhattan, New York, United States, sentences musician Sean Combs to four years and two months in prison for prostitution-related charges. (BBC News)
• The Bangkok Criminal Court sentences a Thai man to life in prison for the January 7 assassination of Cambodian politician Lim Kimya in Bangkok. (AP)
• A Finnish court dismisses charges against the crew of the Eagle S tanker, ruling prosecutors failed to prove intent in the 2024 Estlink 2 incident and that negligence must be addressed by the ship’s flag state or crew’s home countries. (Reuters)
• A court in Yerevan, Armenia sentences Mikael Ajapahyan, a prominent cleric of the Armenian Apostolic Church, to two years in prison for allegedly calling for the overthrow of Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan. (AP)
• At least two people are killed and five others are injured in a mass shooting in Les Moulins near Nice, Alpes-Maritimes, Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, France. (Le Figaro) (Times Now)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Czech parliamentary election
  • Czechs vote to elect the members of the Chamber of Deputies. For the first time, Czechs living or stationed abroad can vote via mail. (Reuters)
• 2025 Indonesian protests
  • Indonesia suspends TikTok’s registration as an electronic service provider after the company fails to submit complete data on its live streaming activity during nationwide protests. (Reuters)
• 2025 Maldivian protests
  • Police violently crack down on and arrest eight people during an overnight protest against government corruption in Malé in the Maldives. (AP) (Raajje TV)
• Abdication of Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
  • Henri, the grand duke of Luxembourg, abdicates and is succeeded by his eldest son, Guillaume V. (Financial Times)
• Lithuanian culture minister Ignotas Adomavičius resigns after one week in office amidst protests. (LRT)

2025 October 02

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • 2025 Gaza City offensive
      • At least 53 Palestinians are killed in Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip and in Gaza City. (Al Jazeera)
  • Israeli blockade of the Gaza Strip
    • Israel intercepts the Global Sumud Flotilla in international waters and detains hundreds of activists from 44 countries carrying humanitarian aid bound for Gaza, sparking international condemnation and accusations of violations of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. (BBC News) (The National)
• Terrorism in the United Kingdom
  • Manchester synagogue attack
    • Two people are killed and four others are injured in a vehicle-ramming and mass stabbing attack at the Heaton Park Hebrew Congregation synagogue in Crumpsall, Manchester, England, United Kingdom. The perpetrator and one of the victims are shot dead by police. The attack is later declared a terror attack. (CNN) (The New York Times) (Reuters)

Disasters and accidents

• At least eleven people are killed after a tractor trolley topples into a pond in Khandwa district, Madhya Pradesh, India. (The Hindu)
• One person is killed and four others are injured in a hydrogen capsule explosion in a laboratory at Tehran University in Tehran, Iran. (AP)
• Twelve people are injured in panic from a Mw 5.3 earthquake in Istanbul, Turkey. (Al Monitor) (AP)
• At least 500 families are displaced and 400 houses are destroyed in a large fire in Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Occidental, Northern Mindanao, Philippines. (Philippine Daily Inquirer)

International relations

• Australia–Papua New Guinea relations
  • The Papua New Guinean Cabinet approves a bilateral defense treaty with Australia, which will increase integration of military equipment and personnel between the two countries. (AP)
• Foreign relations of Nicaragua, Foreign relations of Ukraine, International recognition of the Donetsk People’s Republic and the Luhansk People’s Republic
  • Ukraine breaks off diplomatic relations with Nicaragua over the latter’s recognition of Russian-occupied territories in the country. (Priamyi)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Azad Kashmir protests
  • At least eight people are killed in violent protests in Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan, against benefits for the political class in the region. The regional government warns local media against covering the protests. (DW)
• At least 195,000 people hold protests across France to denounce planned budget cuts. (France 24)
• The seventh summit of the European Political Community is held in Copenhagen, Denmark. (Anadolu Agency)

Science and technology

• Mars 2020
  • NASA’s Perseverance rover captures its first images of interstellar object 3I/ATLAS as it passes by Mars. (Economic Times)

Sports

• The United States’ National Football League announce it will roll out national flag football leagues for both men and women in 2026 ahead of its inclusion in the 2028 Summer Olympics. (AP)

2025 October 01

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Gaza war
  • Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip
    • 2025 Gaza City offensive
      • At least 61 Palestinians are killed in Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip and Gaza City. (Al Jazeera)
• Russo-Ukrainian war
  • Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure
    • The Ukrainian energy ministry declares an “emergency situation” at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant as the New Safe Confinement structure meant to prevent radioactive material from spreading into the environment experiences a three-hour power outage due to a Russian drone strike on an energy facility in nearby Slavutych, Kyiv Oblast. (The Kyiv Independent)
  • Volodymyr Leontiev, the former Russia-installed mayor of Nova Kakhovka, is killed in a Ukrainian drone strike. (The Kyiv Independent) (The Moscow Times)
• Sudanese civil war
  • Siege of El Fasher
    • As El Fasher’s humanitarian crisis continues to drastically deteriorate, the Rapid Support Forces reportedly makes further gains against besieged garrison units mainly composed of former Darfuri rebels and their Sudanese Armed Forces allies. (BBC News)

Business and economy

• Embargo of Russian oil during the Russo-Ukrainian War, Serbia–United States relations
  • The U.S. Department of the Treasury postpones sanctions on Serbian oil company Naftna Industrija Srbije, of which Russian state-owned companies Gazprom and Gazprom Neft hold a majority of shares, until October 8, 2025. (Reuters)

Disasters and accidents

• 2025 Cebu earthquake
  • Cebu governor Pam Baricuatro declares a state of calamity and suspends classes throughout the province due to the Mw 6.9 earthquake yesterday. (BBC News)
  • The National Grid Corporation of the Philippines reports that power has been restored shortly after midnight in five islands in the central Philippines, including Cebu. (AFP via Bangkok Post)
• Arerti Maryam Church collapse
  • At least 36 people are killed and over 200 others are injured when an under construction church collapses in Areti, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. (AP) (TRT World)
• The death toll from the collapse of a pesantren in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia, rises to six as rescue workers continue their search. Dozens of students remain missing and approximately 100 others were injured in the collapse. (AP)
• Two workers are killed, several are injured and others are reported missing when the ceiling of an under-renovation serail in Damascus, Syria, collapses. (AP)
• A flight attendant is injured when two CRJ-900 aircraft, one operated by Delta Air Lines and one by Endeavor Air, collide on a runway at LaGuardia Airport in New York, United States. (DW) (CNN)

Law and crime

• 2025 Moroccan Gen Z protests
  • At least three people are killed in Lqliâa, Souss-Massa, Morocco, as security forces open fire during nationwide protests over alleged corruption and public spending priorities. (Al Jazeera)
• Islamic terrorism in Europe
  • Three men are arrested in Berlin, Germany, for targeting Jewish institutions and preparing a terrorist attack on behalf of Hamas. (Reuters)
• The annual Oktoberfest is temporarily shut down in Munich, Germany, until 17:30 local time due to an explosion at a house earlier in the morning which killed two people, including the perpetrator. The police ultimately finds no link between the Oktoberfest and the explosion, which was related to a domestic dispute. (DW) (AP)
• The Italian Carabinieri Art Squad seizes 21 paintings by Salvador Dalí suspected of being forged pieces at an exhibition at the Palazzo Tarasconi in Parma. (AP) (The Irish Independent)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Malagasy protests
  • Protests in Madagascar continue and spread across the country, demanding the resignation of President Andry Rajoelina. Opposition leader Rivo Rakotovao says that his party will not join any new government under Rajoelina, asking him to step down. (Reuters)
• 2025 United States federal government shutdown
  • A federal government shutdown occurs in the United States after a funding bill fails to be passed, the first government shutdown since January 2019. (CTV News)
• The 2025 Right Livelihood Award is awarded to a student organization in the Pacific Islands fighting climate change, activist organization Justice for Myanmar, Taiwanese activist Audrey Tang, and the Sudanese Emergency Response Rooms for their work in combating injustice in their respective regions. (AP)
• Thousands of people march in Athens as part of a general strike across Greece to protest against proposed changes in labor laws that could change the 8-hour work day to 13 hours, or a 48-hour workweek. (AP) (The Guardian)
• Matteo Rossi and Lorenzo Bugli are sworn in as the new captains regent of San Marino, succeeding Denise Bronzetti and Italo Righi. (San Marino RTV)

Science and technology

• A research team at the Free University of Berlin announce the detection of new organic substances within water vapour plumes erupting from the surface of Enceladus by Cassini’s Cosmic Dust Analyzer, a potential biosignature of extraterrestrial life under the Saturnian moon’s icy surface. (The Guardian) (Nature Astronomy)

2025 September 30

Armed conflicts and attacks

• Israeli–Palestinian conflict
  • Gaza war
    • Israeli bombing of the Gaza Strip, 2025 Gaza Strip aid distribution killings
      • At least 59 Palestinians are killed by Israeli attacks across the Gaza Strip, including 20 who were seeking aid. (Al Jazeera)
  • Palestinian political violence
    • A Palestinian man rams into Israeli pedestrians near Al-Khader in the West Bank, injuring two children, before being shot. (The Times of Israel) (Haaretz)
• Pakistan in the war on terror
  • Insurgency in Balochistan
    • September 2025 Quetta bombing
      • Eight civilians and two policemen are killed and over 30 other people are injured in a suicide car bombing followed by gunfire outside the Frontier Corps’ headquarters in Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. Four attackers are killed. (Al Jazeera)
• Russo-Ukrainian war
  • Attacks on civilians in the Russo-Ukrainian war
    • An overnight Russian drone strike kills four people, all members of the same family, in Chernechchyna, Okhtyrka Raion, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine. (BBC News)

Arts and culture

• Two-year-old Aryatara Shakya is installed in Kathmandu as Nepal’s new Kumari, succeeding Trishna Shakya who held the role since 2017. (AP) (Euronews)

Disasters and accidents

• 2025 Cebu earthquake
  • A Mw 6.9 earthquake hits the central Philippines with structural damage and power interruptions reported, particularly in Cebu where at least 69 people are reported dead. (The Guardian) (Reuters via The Straits Times)
• At least 26 people are killed in a boat accident on the Niger River in Ibaji, Kogi State, Nigeria. The cause of the accident is unknown. (AP)
• Nine people are killed when an under-construction coal preparation plant collapses in Chennai, India. (NDTV)

International relations

• 2025 Danish drone incidents, Denmark–Ukraine relations
  • Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy deploys a military mission to Denmark to share its expertise in countering Russian drones, as European countries plan a joint “drone wall” project to strengthen airspace defense. (AP)
• France–South Africa relations
  • South African ambassador to France and former sport, arts and culture minister Nathi Mthethwa is found dead outside his hotel in the 17th arrondissement of Paris. The ambassador had previously been reported missing by his wife. (Reuters)
• Haitian conflict
  • The United Nations Security Council approves a resolution to transform the Multinational Security Support Mission (MSS) in Haiti into a larger Gang Suppression Force (GSF) of up to 5,500 police and military personnel to combat gang violence. (The Guardian) (UN News)

Law and crime

• 2025 Moroccan Gen Z protests
  • Large-scale youth-led demonstrations in Morocco continue for a third day, despite police arrests and tight security. (Reuters)
• Capital punishment in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • A military court in the Democratic Republic of the Congo sentences former president Joseph Kabila to death in absentia for treason. (AP)
• Chinese intelligence activity abroad, China–Germany relations
  • The Higher Regional Court of Dresden convicts a Chinese–German man of espionage for China while working for AfD politician Maximilian Krah, giving him a sentence of over five years. A co-defendant accused of supplying cargo and passenger information from her job at Leipzig Airport is given a suspended sentence of one and a half years. (AP)
• Nord Stream pipelines sabotage
  • Polish authorities arrest a Ukrainian diver in Pruszków, Masovian Voivodeship, on a German warrant, suspecting his involvement in the 2022 Nord Stream pipeline explosions in the Baltic Sea. (AP)
• Lèse-majesté in Thailand
  • A Thai appeals court upholds a two-year prison sentence against opposition representative Chonthicha Jaengraew for defaming the monarchy in a 2021 speech, while granting her bail pending a Supreme Court appeal. (AP)
• Mexico’s National Autonomous University cancels or shifts classes online in over half its departments after the killing of a student and threats against female professors, prompting authorities to strengthen security and provide support measures. (The Independent)

Politics and elections

• 2025 Gabonese parliamentary election
  • Gabon’s ruling party, the Democratic Union of Builders of President Brice Oligui Nguema, wins 55 of 145 seats in the first round of legislative elections, with a second round scheduled for constituencies without a majority winner. (AP)

Science and technology

• Human rights in Afghanistan
  • Telecommunications are almost entirely down in Afghanistan following a internet cut by the Taliban government, with mobile phone services down to 1% of normal connectivity levels. (The Guardian)

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